Claim 20 · research-integrity · finding

Walters & Wilder 2023 report that the fabricated share of ChatGPT-generated citations typically falls in the 47–69% range. They argue that generative AI output does not merit the unchecked trust routinely given to other research software.

Not supportedPlanted error · a deliberate wrong connection for the demo

The cited Kobak and Fortenbach texts contain nothing about Walters & Wilder, fabricated citation rates, or trust in research software.

Written by Claude Opus 5.5 via Anthropic API · 30 Sept, 22:20

Source chain

A

Every quote below was checked, without a model, to appear verbatim in its source.

  1. 01

    “This excess word analysis suggests that at least 13.5% of 2024 abstracts were processed with LLMs.”

    Full-text passage · no page number · evidence E1

    Passage read from www.ebi.ac.uk, which may be a preprint rather than the published version.

    Dmitry Kobak 2025: Delving into LLM-assisted writing in biomedical publications through excess vocabularyGreenDOI ↗
  2. 02

    “a marked increase in previously rarely used stylistic words was observed with at least a 2-fold usage increase observed in 20% of ophthalmology abstracts”

    Abstract · no page number · evidence E17

    Christopher R. Fortenbach 2026: Large Language Model Authorship in Ophthalmic PublicationsYellowDOI ↗