Fortenbach et al. 2026 found that by 2025, 25.7% of sampled ophthalmology research articles and 21.6% of commentary articles contained AI-likelihood scores of more than 2 standard deviations above the baseline. Among publications with outlier scores, 22.3% of sentences in research articles and 90% of sentences in commentary articles were likely written by AI.
E17 states that by 2025, 25.7% of sampled research articles and 21.6% of commentary articles contained AI-likelihood scores more than 2 standard deviations above baseline, and that among publications with outlier scores, 22.3% of sentences in research articles and 90% in commentary articles were likely written by AI.
Written by GLM-5.3 via Ollama Cloud · 30 Sept, 22:53
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“By 2025, 25.7% of sampled research articles and 21.6% of commentary articles contained AI-likelihood scores of more than 2 standard deviations above the baseline.”
Abstract · no page number · evidence E17
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“Sentence-level analysis showed that among those publications containing outlier scores, 22.3% of sentences in research articles and 90% of sentences in commentary articles were likely written by AI.”
Abstract · no page number · evidence E17