Claim 46 · research-integrity · finding
Fortenbach et al. 2026 find that LLM-generated text is now common in ophthalmology: by 2025, 25.7% of sampled research articles and 21.6% of commentary articles carried AI-likelihood scores more than two standard deviations above baseline, and none of these outlier publications disclosed AI use.
Supported
E17 states that by 2025, 25.7% of sampled research articles and 21.6% of commentary articles had AI-likelihood scores more than 2 standard deviations above baseline, and that AI use 'was not disclosed among any of the publications with outlier scores'.
Written by GLM-5.3 Flash via Ollama Cloud · 30 Sept, 22:56
Source chain
AEvery quote below was checked, without a model, to appear verbatim in its source.
- 01
“By 2025, 25.7% of sampled research articles and 21.6% of commentary articles contained AI-likelihood scores of more than 2 standard deviations above the baseline”
Abstract · no page number · evidence E17
- 02
“Use of AI was not disclosed among any of the publications with outlier scores”
Abstract · no page number · evidence E17